The Constables Records of St Peter Port

by Alex Glendinning

The research material held at the Priaulx Library in Guernsey includes a microfilm of the surviving Constables records of the Parish of St Peter Port. They include a list of the population of St Peter Port (the capital) prepared in 1827 and a register of all passengers landing in the Island from 1828 to 1832. Both are excellent finding aids that predate the censuses for those whose family histories include the legend that a member of the family may have visited the Island, married there or maybe even lived there for a time.

On the 20th August 1827, in the presence of the Bailiff, Daniel de Lisle Brock, an extraordinary assembly of the Royal Court was called "as a consequence of recent thefts and attempted thefts on the public highways, and the danger to life from firearms used in break ins and general complaints received about the great number of suspicious strangers walking about in the town and the country, many without anywhere to live." There were also other complaints about "colporteurs", 19th Century travelling salesmen who, on the pretext of offering their merchandise, were getting into private homes and gathering information assumed to be used for future burglaries.

The Court decided action was required and took the following steps:

1. All persons occupying houses, or part of a house, within eight days after the publication of the present order, should give to the Constables of their respective parishes a list of all those who occupy that house, or part of a house.

2. This list should distinguish between Natives and non-Natives and children who are under age, those born in the Island must be on the same list as their fathers.

3. Any changes to the list must be reported within 24 hours. If someone leaves and another moves in, the owner of the house must inform the Constables. Those who do not adhere to these three clauses can be fined an amount not exceeding 50 Livres Tournois.

4. The Constables of the Parishes will keep a book and go to each house, with the list, to check that it is correct. The Constables will keep another book for the non-natives only, strangers who have been living in the parish more than a month, and another for strangers who have lived there less than one month. After they have lived there for that month their names should be transferred to the first list. All changes to the list must be reported to the Constables and entered into the books with dates of the report.

5. All the Masters of Vessels, Barques or Boats arriving on this Island, must provide on their arrival, or after 24 hours at the latest, the Constables with an exact list of all passengers who have disembarked. Failure carried the penalty of a 70 Livres Tournois fine per passenger disembarked, who had not been reported.

6. It is forbidden to anybody, after the publication of the present law, to to sell merchandise on the roads and public highways or to offer to sell on the roads, houses or anywhere else, if they do not have a place to sell these items. They can sell from premises, but those who break the law will be liable to a fine not exceeding 50 Livres Tournois. Despite this order it is possible for reputable tradesmen who wish to sell to ask permission from the constable, but no further trading in the roads will be allowed. This law will be presented in public and published so that no one can plead ignorance.

The first set of records are organised by Vingtaine (district) beginning with Vingtaine de la Grand Rue then the Pollet etc and contain the following three headings: "Natives or Spouses of Natives who are Permanently Established", "Strangers who Intend to Stay at a House or Lodgings of their Own" and "Those Passing Through, Resident at Hotels or Other Lodgings for Strangers."

Beneath each column males and females are separately listed and grouped together by household. The houses are not named, but listed by the name of the owner (i.e. Edouard Brouard's). Children are counted, but not named.

All the non-natives of Guernsey during this period of the 19th century are here. After the statistics comes an indexed list of male strangers (abstracted from the main list), each of whom has been allocated a number, making them easy to locate. Coincidentally I was recently asked by a friend in America to find someone who fitted the description of a "passer through" and used this list to locate him. His entry looks like this:

NAME: Geo. Taylor (wife and 3 children)
AGE: 45
COUNTY OF ORIGIN: Cheriton, Devon
WHERE RESIDENT: Mansell Street
PROFESSION: Carpenter
LENGTH OF RESIDENCE: This section was unfortunately blank.

Whilst perusing this list I spotted one individual living a long way from home !

NAME: Thos. Coke Isham (wife and child)
AGE: 22
COUNTY OF ORIGIN: Antigua
WHERE RESIDENT: At Mrs Baxter's, High Street
PROFESSION: Plasterer
LENGTH OF RESIDENCE: 6 years

Judging from the amount of information included in the last two sections, when the survey was done, a lot more questions were asked than is indicated by the main list; which must have been copied out into the bound book that remains today.

Going on to the register of passengers landed, this book is not indexed and contains five columns headed: List of Passengers, Where From, Date, Profession, Ship's Master and Port (of departure). There will be some lucky researchers with ancestors who came to Guernsey at this time, who will find this list useful.

Also among the Constables records on these films are two Stranger Poor Lists, one from 1848 which is indexed and the other from 1892, which also contains the Constable's record of funds used to send them home, in some cases back to England.


Extract from Eye on the Past in Guernsey
Chapter 5 - Immigration Control in the 19th Century
For full chapter listing go to: My Books

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